Open Source RoboticsRobots, software & learning

Catalog

Robots, end effectors and software: compare setup requirements, configuration costs and source files.

197 entries · Newest published first

Source researched · Not hands-on tested

AM-ARM200

Hardware · Tabletop serial arm with a gripper; a servo-based leader arm drives the follower for teleoperation.

Printable 6+1 DoF leader/follower arm pair using Feetech STS3215 and STS3095 servos, with LeRobot support supplied through the separate lerobot_alohamini fork.

Asimov v0

Hardware · Bipedal lower body: six actuated joints per leg plus a spring-loaded articulated toe.

Twelve-actuator bipedal leg set (lower body only) with articulated toes and a two-motor RSU ankle, published as STL simulation meshes, an MJCF model and an LFS-stored STEP assembly.

BioAmp EXG Pill

Hardware · Sensor component: a biopotential amplifier board with no actuators; example sketches drive an external hobby servo.

Open-hardware biopotential analog front-end board (2.54 × 1.00 cm) for ECG, EMG, EOG and EEG acquisition with a 5 V microcontroller ADC; a sensor component with EMG servo and claw-control example sketches, not a robot.

Carbon Aeronautics quadcopter

Hardware · Quadcopter with PCB upper and lower frames; basic build weighs 247 g

Teensy 4.0 quadcopter taught step by step in a 222-page build and programming manual, with a PCB upper frame and separate per-chapter Arduino code repositories; manual and code are licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.

CogniFly

Hardware · Quadcopter with a flexible exoskeleton-style frame of 3 mm sticks or rods joined by TPU parts; Version 2 bamboo build weighs 237 g

Sub-250 g collision-resilient quadcopter with a bamboo or carbon-rod frame joined by printed TPU parts, an INAV flight controller and a Raspberry Pi Zero W controlled through the MIT-licensed cognifly-python library; no license file was identified for the frame files.

da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK)

Hardware · Teleoperated research system: surgeon-side MTMs and patient-side PSM and ECM arms (with setup joints) from retired da Vinci systems, driven by dVRK controllers.

Open controller electronics, FPGA firmware and cisst/SAW software for research systems built from retired da Vinci arms and consoles; the arms themselves are supplied hardware, not an open design.

Flix

Hardware · Small quadcopter with four brushed motors and 55 or 65 mm propellers on a 3D-printed frame

ESP32 quadcopter with a 3D-printed frame, four brushed motors switched by MOSFETs, an SPI IMU board, Arduino firmware with Wi-Fi/MAVLink control and a Gazebo simulator; no repository license file was identified.

HapCompass

Hardware · Wearable fingertip haptic device: a servo-rotated rotor carrying one linear resonant actuator inside a two-part shell; a teleoperation peripheral, not a robot.

Fingertip-worn haptic device that rotates one linear resonant actuator with a Dynamixel servo to render 2D directional cues during robot teleoperation; printable parts, an editable source design and a priced BOM are released, but no control code was identified.

Maker's Pet Loki

Hardware · Round two-wheel differential-drive base with a caster, LiDAR plate and a phone handset clamp; no bumper by default.

200 mm 3D-printable differential-drive pet robot with an ESP32, BLDC gear motors and a choice of hobby LiDARs, run through the shared Kaia.ai ROS 2 stack; sized for common 220 mm-class printers.

Maker's Pet Snoopy

Hardware · Round two-wheel differential-drive base with a caster, LiDAR puck and a tilted phone/tablet head.

300 mm 3D-printable differential-drive pet robot with an ESP32, BLDC gear motors, a 360-degree LiDAR and a phone or tablet head, run through the shared Kaia.ai ROS 2 stack; pet character and skills are upstream work in progress.

MiniHawk-VTOL

Hardware · Tricopter / flying-wing (plank) VTOL: two tilting front motors plus a fixed rear hover motor, four servos for tilt and elevons

3D-printed tricopter/flying-wing VTOL with two tilting front motors and a fixed rear motor, tuned on ArduPlane; STL/3MF artwork and parameter files are licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 and native CAD is withheld.

OpenBionics Prosthetic Hands

End effector · Five-finger anthropomorphic hand: index to pinky with three flexion DoF each, thumb with two flexion DoF and one lockable abduction/adduction DoF, all driven by a single actuator through a whiffletree differential with per-finger locking buttons.

Single-actuator, tendon-driven anthropomorphic hand design from the OpenBionics initiative, with 3D-printed and laser-cut variants, parametric SolidWorks CAD and a 2015 assembly report; repository-wide CC BY-SA 4.0 statement.

OpenSimpleLidar

Hardware · Rotating triangulation laser rangefinder: main PCB with laser and lens spins on a slip ring, belt-driven by a small DC motor (sensor component).

DIY triangulation scanning laser rangefinder (STM32F030, TSL1401CL line sensor, 780 nm laser, slip-ring head) rated by its author at 5 scans/s, 2-degree steps and up to 4 m; a sensor component for robots, not a robot.

PULP-Dronet

Software · model

Deep-learning visual navigation engine for the Crazyflie 2.1 nano-drone: PyTorch CNNs, quantization and deployment flow for the AI-deck GAP8 processor, onboard flight application and a collected dataset; code Apache-2.0, v3 dataset CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.

ROBOTO_ORIGIN (RPO)

Hardware · Full-size humanoid with legs, waist, arms and head shell.

Full-size DIY humanoid prototype from RoboParty with CNC-machined metal structure, 23 Damiao actuators in the published BOM, ROS 2 deployment and Isaac Lab training code; V2.0 hardware is not compatible with V1.0.

Zeroth-01 Bot

Hardware · Small humanoid with legs, arms, head and hands.

Small 3D-printed humanoid using sixteen Feetech serial-bus servos and a Milk-V Duo S; the main repository is now a pointer, so the BOM and STLs come from the separate docs repository.

OpenDrone electronics

Hardware · Four-channel ESC hardware subsystem, not a complete drone

OpenESC-20x20 is a four-channel brushless motor controller with available KiCad sources and unresolved differences between headline ratings and technical test notes.

BiDexHand

Hardware · Tendon-driven dexterous robotic hand

BiDexHand V4 is a 16-DoF tendon-driven hand with printed parts, a Servo2040 PWM route and ROS 2 control packages.

GGLDNL Hexapod

Hardware · Six-legged servo hexapod

Printed 18-servo hexapod with separate mechanical designs, Servo2040 firmware and a Raspberry Pi controller.

Open Source Leg

Hardware · Modular powered knee and ankle research platform

Modular knee-and-ankle research platform with published assembly documentation, externally hosted design downloads and a separately licensed Python SDK.

ESP-Drone

Hardware · Small quadcopter; selected ESP32-S2-Drone V1.2

ESP32-based educational quadcopter with a documented S2 V1.2 build and sensor-dependent assisted flight modes.

Hexy

Hardware · Six-legged servo hexapod

Historical six-legged servo robot with available frame designs, Servotor32 control sources and a Python 2-era host application.

OpenWeedLocator

Hardware · Camera and actuation subsystem; vehicle and treatment equipment supplied separately

Raspberry Pi camera and relay subsystem for targeted weed treatment, with printable enclosures and configuration-specific wiring requirements.

moteus

Hardware · Motor controller board; motor and mechanism supplied separately

Open brushless servo-controller designs with CAN-FD control, board-specific electrical limits and motor calibration requirements.

ODrive v3.x

Hardware · Dual-axis motor controller; selected hardware example is v3.6

Legacy dual-axis brushless motor control with public v3.x firmware; v3.6 board designs and newer-generation firmware have different openness boundaries.

OpenCR

Hardware · Embedded robot controller board

ROS-oriented STM32F7 controller with Arduino firmware sources and separate REVH hardware files whose precise reuse license remains unresolved.

Open Dynamic Robot Actuator

Hardware · Single research actuator core; surrounding shell depends on robot integration

Brushless belt-reduced research actuator core with a v1.1 prepared encoder-kit route, precision printing requirements and separately integrated motor control.

TriFinger

Hardware · Three FingerEdu modules on an aluminum-profile frame; selected TriFingerEdu v1 variant

TriFingerEdu v1 is a nine-axis torque-controlled manipulation platform built from three FingerEdu modules, with a documented TI evaluation-board control route.

D'Claw

Hardware · Unknown

Nine-axis three-finger manipulation benchmark with a separately instrumented object. Historical v0.9 hardware and legacy software requirements are scoped separately.

D'Kitty

Hardware · Unknown

Twelve-axis quadruped benchmark with Dynamixel actuation and external-tracking support. Historical v0.9 hardware and legacy software requirements are scoped separately.

OpenFlexure Microscope

Hardware · Printed flexure sample-positioning and focusing mechanism; selected motorized high-resolution microscope configuration

Motorized printed microscope with an RMS-objective build route, separate controller and software dependencies, and explicit beta-version compatibility limits.

Opentrons OT-2

Hardware · Cartesian laboratory liquid handler with two pipette mounts and separate plunger axes

Programmable laboratory liquid handler with a dedicated OT-2 software route, published customization files and configuration-specific calibration requirements.

GELLO

Hardware · Joint-matched teleoperation leader; follower arm is a separate robot.

Joint-matched teleoperation leaders for robot manipulators; selected coverage follows the YAM passive configuration and distinguishes the separate Franka FR3 ROS 2 workflow.

Rotary Inverted Pendulum

Hardware · Actuated rotary arm with passive pendulum link for control experiments.

Printed rotary pendulum with Arduino Nano control and a MuJoCo-to-hardware learning pipeline; preserved sources include rig-specific distilled policy weights and differing bring-up microstep guidance.

UMI

Hardware · Handheld parallel-jaw data-collection gripper; robot-mounted deployment gripper and arm are separate hardware.

Handheld gripper-based demonstration collection and diffusion-policy workflow, with separate robot deployment hardware and explicit SLAM, timing and source-artifact gaps.

e-puck

Hardware · Compact wheeled research platform; e-puck2 is the selected generation.

Small wheeled research robot; this profile covers e-puck2 using its official hardware guide, pinned Qt monitor and separately preserved STM32F407 firmware sources.

Pi-puck

Hardware · Raspberry Pi extension mounted on an existing e-puck or e-puck2 wheeled robot.

Raspberry Pi extension for e-puck and e-puck2 robots, with Linux integration, separate controller firmware and an optional YRL expansion board.

Thymio

Hardware · Small wheeled educational robot; selected sources concern Thymio II, not Thymio 3.

Educational wheeled robot; this profile selects Thymio II PCB version 2.1 design sources and separately preserved V14 firmware, with explicit generation and dependency boundaries.

Ardumower

Hardware · DIY wheeled lawn-mower reference platform, selected Azurit firmware release.

DIY robotic mower reference platform; this review selects the 1.0a10-Azurit release and records its PCB configuration, stored-setting behavior and conflicting license notices.

OpenMower

Hardware · Conversion of a compatible wheeled commercial mower; selected v2 YardForce route.

RTK-guided mower conversion ecosystem; this review selects the v2 YardForce route and preserves its separate carrier-board and xCore firmware revisions.

Sowbot / Feldfreund

Hardware · Agricultural research robot integration; FusionCore configuration explicitly discusses a tracked platform.

Experimental agricultural robot integration stack using ROS 2 Jazzy, ESP32/Lizard control and RTK GNSS; the selected sources distinguish Gazebo mission results from incomplete hardware validation.

Acorn

Hardware · Precision farming rover; software and hardware repositories require configuration matching.

Precision farming rover with separate software, electronics and mechanical sources; the documented Docker simulation substitutes fake sensor data and is not evidence of field performance.

FarmBot

Hardware · Fixed-bed Cartesian gantry gardening robot with tracks, cross-slide, z-axis and universal tool mount.

Track-mounted gardening robot with a moving gantry and interchangeable tools; this profile selects FarmBot Genesis v1.8 documentation and distinguishes the standard and XL installations.

ROMI Rover

Hardware · Field rover carrying an adapted 1000 mm X-Carve CNC and replacement weeding z-axis.

Agricultural weeding rover with published prototype V3 design files and an adapted CNC weeding tool; unfinished electronics and steering details require configuration work.

BlueROV2

Hardware · Standard R4 underwater ROV with six vectored T200 thrusters; Heavy adds two thrusters.

Commercial underwater ROV with published integration CAD and open software; this profile selects the standard six-thruster R4 configuration and distinguishes it from the Heavy upgrade.

LoCO AUV

Hardware · Underwater research vehicle with paired enclosure tubes and a three-thruster SimpleROV-3 control configuration.

Research autonomous underwater vehicle with Pixhawk, Raspberry Pi and Jetson TX2; this review selects the documented LoCO 1.0 configuration and separates later internal structure alternatives.

OpenROV

Hardware · DIY underwater remotely operated vehicle; selected 2.8 mechanical design.

Historical DIY underwater exploration platform; this entry selects the OpenROV 2.8 mechanical files and the corresponding named controller-board package for source research.

Borinot

Hardware · Six-motor aerial platform with a two-link extremity configurable for manipulation or contact-motion research.

Research aerial manipulator combining a six-motor flying platform with a two-link torque-controlled extremity and an external motion-capture setup.

Clover

Hardware · Quadrotor, selected Clover 4.2 assembly variant.

Educational quadrotor platform pairing a PX4 flight controller with Raspberry Pi and ROS; this entry selects Clover 4.2 construction and the documented ROS Noetic image route.

Crazyflie

Hardware · Small quadrotor; selected brushed Crazyflie 2.1.

Small quadrotor development platform; this profile selects the brushed Crazyflie 2.1 hardware and distinguishes its firmware target from Brushless and Bolt variants.

Flone

Hardware · Quadrotor with laser-cut frame for smartphone or compact-camera payload.

Laser-cut quadrotor frame for carrying a smartphone or compact camera; the preserved frame files and original Spanish manual leave complete software and electronics reproduction unresolved.

BamBot

Hardware · Two-arm mobile manipulator on a three-wheel omnidirectional base.

Two-arm mobile manipulator with a three-wheel omnidirectional base, released printable parts and a modified LeRobot control repository.

Bobble-Bot

Hardware · Two-wheel inverted-pendulum balancing robot.

Two-wheel balancing robot with ROS 1 control and Gazebo simulation sources; physical construction uses custom motor drives, a Pi CAN shield and power distribution board.

ROSMO

Hardware · Two- or four-wheel mobile platform with two PCB chassis plates and a battery between them.

Small modular robot with a PCB chassis, ESP32-S3 and two- or four-wheel variants; separate Microblocks, MicroPython and ROS 2 routes have different maturity.

Hoverbot

Hardware · Two-wheel balancing platform with printed base, chassis and battery mounting pieces.

Two-wheel balancing robot project using a Raspberry Pi, pi3hat and moteus motor controllers, with printed parts and source-defined balance settings.

Just1

Hardware · Four-wheel mecanum platform with a two-level printed chassis.

Raspberry Pi mecanum robot with ROS 2 navigation using lidar and an IMU; its published wheel commands are not measured wheel speeds.

LeKiwi

Hardware · Three-wheel holonomic base with a mounted follower arm and separate leader arm for teleoperation.

Three-wheel mobile manipulator with SO-100/SO-101 arm options, printed parts and a separate LeRobot teleoperation stack.

Mobile ALOHA

Hardware · Mobile bimanual system with two follower arms and two leader arms.

Hardware-and-software platform combining two leader arms, two follower arms and an AgileX Tracer base for whole-body teleoperation and demonstration collection.

NanoSaur

Hardware · Small tracked robot with left and right tracks and printed structural parts.

Small tracked Jetson robot; this profile covers the preserved 1.5.1 source, whose container recipe targets ROS 2 Foxy and whose STL files carry noncommercial terms.

OpenPodcar

Hardware · Converted Pihsiang TE-889XLSN hard-canopy mobility scooter, also identified upstream as Shoprider Traveso.

Research vehicle conversion built around a specific mobility scooter, with Arduino throttle control, actuator steering and a legacy ROS/Gazebo stack.

OpenScout

Hardware · Four-wheel differential-drive chassis with two sections joined by a lazy Susan revolute hinge.

Four-wheel mobile base built from aluminum extrusions, with a documented articulated chassis, radio control and encoder-based motor control.

JetBot

Hardware · Two driven wheels and a ball caster on a printed chassis.

Small Jetson Nano educational robot with printed chassis and browser-based control; the reviewed 0.4.3 build uses legacy Nano-specific images and matched wheel/caster parts.

Magni

Hardware · Mobile base with a mounting top plate for application-specific equipment.

Mobile robot base with available ROS host software; the reviewed setup follows separately preserved Noetic sources, with unreleased controller firmware and revision-specific hardware constraints.

ROSbot

Hardware · ROSbot 2R four-wheel mobile platform; selected regular-wheel differential-drive configuration.

ROSbot 2R mobile platform with separately versioned ROS packages and CORE2 microcontroller firmware; this entry distinguishes the 2R configuration from newer ROSbot hardware.

Isaac Lab

Software · framework

GPU-accelerated robot-learning framework; the reviewed 3.0 early-access release introduces multiple physics backends and changed installation and migration workflows.

Octo

Software · model

Transformer diffusion robot policies with pretrained checkpoints and fine-tuning tools; observation history, action statistics and robot-specific interfaces must match the selected model.

OpenPI

Software · model

Vision-language-action model code, checkpoints and adaptation examples for pi0, pi0-FAST and pi0.5, with backend-specific features and robot-specific action conventions.

robomimic

Software · framework

Robot-learning-from-demonstration framework with HDF5 dataset tooling, offline learning algorithms and version-specific simulation datasets.

robosuite

Software · simulation

MuJoCo-based robot-learning environments with configurable robots, grippers, controllers and observations; the reviewed v1.5.2 setup requires matching rendering and action conventions.

Donkey Car

Hardware · Selected guide route: purchased HSP94186/Exceed Magnet-style RC chassis with Raspberry Pi, camera and PCA9685 steering/throttle interface.

Python RC-car platform for manual driving and optional learned control; reviewed Raspberry Pi/PCA9685 build guidance has OS-version conflicts and an incomplete parts budget.

F1TENTH / RoboRacer

Hardware · RC-based Ackermann-steered racing platform; pinned guide selects Traxxas Slash4x4 and Jetson XavierNX.

Ackermann-steered racing research platform; the preserved Xavier NX/Slash guide differs from its newer Orin Nano Super/Fiesta parts list and requires configuration-specific calibration.

Linorobot

Hardware · Selected route: two-wheel differential drive; the platform also supports four-wheel skid-steer and mecanum configurations.

Configurable ROS 2 mobile-robot stack; this profile selects a two-wheel differential-drive, ESP32 control route with separately versioned firmware and measured chassis parameters.

MuSHR

Hardware · Selected Nano configuration: Redcat Blackout RC-based car with V3 printed upper frame.

RC-based research racecar; the reviewed Nano route uses V3 printed parts and separately versioned ROS control packages, with older firmware/image assumptions requiring validation.

ExoMy

Hardware · Printed six-wheel rover with independently driven and steered wheels.

Six-wheel printed rover with separately preserved build files and ROS software; the reviewed default software uses ROS Melodic and requires per-robot calibration.

JPL Open Source Rover

Hardware · Six-wheel rocker-bogie rover with a differential pivot and steerable corner assemblies.

Six-wheel rocker-bogie rover with off-the-shelf mechanical parts and separate ROS control software; reviewed hardware and software snapshots need version and calibration reconciliation.

OpenBot

Hardware · DIY four-wheel smartphone-controlled vehicle; other body variants have separate configurations.

Smartphone-controlled wheeled robot platform; the reviewed DIY configuration combines an Arduino Nano and L298N driver, with phone and firmware requirements distinct from the advertised body cost.

TurtleBot4

Hardware · Differential-drive mobile platform built on the iRobot Create 3.

ROS 2 mobile research platform on an iRobot Create 3 base, with distinct Standard/Lite sensor packages and distribution-specific base-firmware requirements.

Acromonk

Hardware · Underactuated brachiator with passive grippers for a horizontal ladder-bar test rig.

Underactuated bar-swinging research robot with one QDD actuator, passive hooks and simulation/control sources; requires a ladder test rig, and the reviewed hardware script conflicts with its guide.

DIY hobby-servos quadruped

Hardware · Printed quadruped with three hobby servos per leg.

Twelve-servo Raspberry Pi/Arduino quadruped with downloadable CAD and Python gait code; hardware is noncommercial source-available and manual calibration is required.

OpenQuadruped

Hardware · Printed quadruped with three joints per leg.

Twelve-servo printed quadruped prototype with CAD, PCB files and ROS control sources; calibration, gait refinement and build instructions remain incomplete.

Wheelbot

Hardware · Reaction-wheel unicycle, reviewed at the v2.5 design.

Reaction-wheel unicycle research platform, scoped to v2.5 CAD and firmware with a documented state-estimation error and historical development tools.

Drake

Software · simulation

C++ and Python toolbox for multibody dynamics, mathematical optimization and model-based robot control, with installation choices tied to platform and solver requirements.

Gazebo

Software · simulation

Robot simulation library and application with physics, sensors and plugins; Jetty setup and ROS integration require matching package and distribution choices.

ROS 2

Software · framework

Libraries and tools for robot applications, reviewed through a Humble release manifest and version-matched documentation for installation and node communication.

Webots

Software · simulation

Robot simulation environment with a scene editor, sample worlds and controller APIs; reviewed at R2025a with release-specific graphics requirements and asset licensing.

Mini Pupper

Hardware · Original Mini Pupper four-legged robot; not the Mini Pupper 2 configuration.

Original Mini Pupper quadruped with twelve custom servos, Raspberry Pi hardware and separate movement/ROS stacks; hardware generation, image and calibration route must be matched.

mjbots quad

Hardware · Quadruped; selected A1 configuration has four legs and three controlled joints per leg.

Quadruped source collection with distinct A1 and A2 configurations, printable structural parts, C++ control and browser-based simulation; this review centers on the documented A1 operating configuration.

OpenCat robots

Hardware · Robot family: Bittle dog and Nybble cat; selected release targets their ATmega328P NyBoard configurations.

Nybble/Bittle robot-family entry centered on OpenCat 1.2.5 NyBoard firmware, calibration and host tools; software openness does not establish complete frame or electronics manufacturing sources.

MEVITA

Hardware · Biped with five controlled joints per leg.

Ten-joint biped with purchased actuators, machined and welded metal parts, and a ROS 1 learning-to-control workflow; external hardware rights and build completeness need separate checks.

MEVIUS

Hardware · Quadruped with three controlled joints per leg.

Twelve-joint quadruped with purchased actuators and fabricated metal parts; its preserved ROS 1 control snapshot warns that the supplied policy is not very stable.

TipTap

Hardware · Desktop biped with two three-axis legs.

Printed desktop biped with four custom torque actuators, two positioning servos and a shared Python simulation/hardware interface; controller-source licensing remains unresolved.

CocoNuts

Hardware · Humanoid CAD concept with a physically built one-leg benchmark described by the maintainer.

Humanoid design and one-leg benchmark exploring low leg inertia through belts and parallel linkages; the maintainer has put the project on hold.

Duke Humanoid v1

Hardware · Ten-degree-of-freedom research biped with articulated legs.

Ten-degree-of-freedom research biped with machined aluminum parts, EtherCAT motor control and learned locomotion; artifact and dependency licenses need separate checks.

Kayra

Hardware · 3D-printable humanoid with articulated servo-driven limbs.

Printable humanoid with FreeCAD sources, a Servo 2040 control route and MuJoCo examples; power selection and several servo mappings remain unresolved.

MABEL

Hardware · Two-wheeled balancing robot with articulated servo legs.

Wheeled balancing robot with articulated servo legs, Arduino balance firmware and Raspberry Pi inverse-kinematics examples; electronics and controller integration remain incomplete.

MuJoCo

Software · simulation

Physics engine for articulated mechanisms and contact, with C/Python interfaces and a version-sensitive model and simulation workflow.

Nav2

Software · framework

ROS 2 navigation framework with configurable bringup, localization and behavior-tree navigation; robot and distribution matching are essential.

ros2_control

Software · framework

ROS 2 framework for managing controllers and hardware interfaces, with mock components for checking integration before physical hardware trials.

ICON Shared Memory

Software · library

C++ shared-memory transport and real-time utilities used by the ICON control framework.

Intrinsic Inference

Software · framework

Preview framework for managing model-serving lifecycles and exposing inference services to ROS 2.

Malloc Guard

Software · library

C++ allocation monitor for detecting heap operations inside designated real-time sections.

Upkie

Hardware · Upkie software v12.0.0 with its 12.0.0 build documentation and linked legacy parts commit 8e539b825affe10ad872741564bdc1c19f4df965; not the newer parts v2.0.0 layout.

Wheeled biped with four leg servos, two driven wheels and a Raspberry Pi control stack; the reviewed build guide needs revision matching.

Open-Gripper-mini

End effector · Compact rack-driven parallel gripper

Compact rack-driven gripper with an assembly STEP and upstream build photo; exact actuator, BOM and control integration still need to be specified.

Ada robotic hand V1.1

End effector · Five-finger robotic development hand

Five-actuator robotic development hand with a flexible printed palm, rigid covers and separate Almond controller and Artichoke firmware sources.

MiniRHex

Hardware · Six-legged walking robot

A six-legged educational robot with printable chassis and legs, Dynamixel motors and Arduino control.

Aero Hand Open

End effector · Dexterous hands

A five-finger tendon-driven hand with seven actuators, sixteen joints and separate hardware/software licenses.

ALARIS Hand

End effector · Dexterous hands

Six-DoF anthropomorphic hand with linkage fingers, adaptive thumb and worm-and-rack transmissions.

Allstruder

End effector · Paste and syringe extrusion

A modular syringe pump and extrusion design with printable parts and multiple syringe and mounting configurations.

Amazing Hand

End effector · Dexterous hands

A printable four-finger hand with eight actuators and a Reachy 2 wrist interface.

CRAFT Hand

End effector · Dexterous hands

Printable CRAFT Hand parts and Bambu print profiles with left/right palm and thumb alternatives.

DexHand

End effector · Dexterous hands

A tendon-driven hand with wrist and forearm; v1 build modifications differ from the v2 early-access design.

FabMX extruder

End effector · Pellet extrusion

Pellet extruder with multiple STEP revisions and NEMA17/NEMA23 variants, intended for MIM printing materials.

FlexiCup

End effector · Suction and sensing

A suction cup combining vision and tactile sensing with wireless electronics.

Grip4SO101

End effector · Electric grippers

A printable replacement gripper for SO-101 that reuses the original gripper motor.

LumenPnP nozzle subsystem

End effector · Vacuum and small-part handling

A vacuum pick-and-place nozzle subsystem with inventoried FreeCAD holder and spring files and separate purchased-component references.

PincOpen

End effector · Parallel and adaptive grippers

Printed parallel fingers with interchangeable tips and a Feetech STS3215; optional camera mount.

RealMan RMG24

End effector · Parallel and adaptive grippers

Parallel gripper using the WHJ03 joint module, interface PCB and 24 V RS485/Modbus RTU control.

Replistruder 5

End effector · Paste and syringe extrusion

Syringe extrusion design for FRESH hydrogel printing, distributed as STL and STP in a versioned Zenodo archive.

SSG-48

End effector · Electric grippers

A motor-driven adaptive gripper with a reported 48 mm stroke and CAN control.

Yale OpenHand

End effector · Adaptive grippers

A family of adaptive hands with shared CAD parts and a separate Dynamixel control repository.

Yeah Hand

End effector · Dexterous hands

Yeah Hand/Rebelia lineage: humanlike hand with separate robot/prosthetic firmware and commercial servos.

ALOHA

Hardware · Two leader arms and two follower arms

A four-arm bimanual teleoperation and demonstration-recording system with a separate learning stack.

Asimov v1

Hardware · Biped humanoid

A 1.2 m humanoid design with separate media and motion computers, fabricated metal/nylon structure and an unfinished locomotion-policy release.

BCN3D Moveo

Hardware · Printed articulated arm

A printed educational robot arm with CAD, firmware, BOM and assembly documents in one source repository.

Berkeley Humanoid Lite

Hardware · Printed-gearbox humanoid

A humanoid built around printed gearboxes, with separate simulation assets and low-level control code that requires joint calibration after power cycles.

Bolt

Hardware · Biped with three active axes per leg and a passive ankle

A six-actuator research biped with passive ankles, tethered power/data and no active yaw control.

Dummy-Robot

Hardware · Compact articulated arm

A compact custom arm combining CNC parts, harmonic reducers and custom motor-control electronics.

Faze4

Hardware · Desktop articulated arm

A six-axis printed arm built around cycloidal gearboxes, with separate mechanical and control documentation.

HOPE Jr

Hardware · Humanoid project; reviewed build route is arm, hand and teleoperation exoskeleton

A humanoid development project with a separate arm-and-exoskeleton branch of work for LeRobot teleoperation.

iCub

Hardware · Research humanoid family; hardware revision not selected

A research humanoid family whose hardware revisions, robot configuration and software distribution must be matched before reproduction.

igus Humanoid Open Platform

Hardware · Humanoid soccer research platform; captured CAD covers the body shell

A humanoid soccer research platform with a released load-bearing plastic body design and a separately maintained ROS framework.

InMoov

Hardware · Modular humanoid; reviewed starting configurations are Finger Starter and one i2 hand

A modular printable humanoid with body-section tutorials, tendon-driven hands and a separate MyRobotLab control route.

K-Bot

Hardware · Modular humanoid

A public-alpha humanoid project whose CAD, operating system, simulation and inference code live in separate sources.

Koch arm

Hardware · Desktop robot arm

A printable Dynamixel arm with a separate leader design for teleoperation and robot-learning experiments.

MeArm

Hardware · Laser-cut articulated arm

A four-degree-of-freedom educational arm made from versioned laser-cut parts.

Microban

Hardware · Compact printed humanoid

A roughly 30 cm printed humanoid using 19 DYNAMIXEL servos, a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W and a custom-fabricated robot HAT.

NICO

Hardware · Humanoid interaction platform

A humanoid interaction research platform with distinct FDM and SLS-oriented mechanical designs and a separate software repository.

NimbRo-OP2 / OP2X

Hardware · OP2 and OP2X humanoid soccer research variants

Two humanoid soccer research designs with separate CAD, actuator selections and fabrication requirements.

Niryo One

Hardware · Printed articulated arm

Printable Niryo One arm designs with a separate ROS stack and a documented older-hardware archive.

Open Duck Mini

Hardware · Open Duck Mini v2 biped; standard print set distinguished from community modifications

A small printed biped with bus servos, a Raspberry Pi runtime and learned walking policies; the reviewed v2 build still has documentation and configuration gaps.

OpenArm

Hardware · Articulated arm platform

An arm research platform whose hardware release separates the arm, evaluation cell and KER assemblies.

OpenMANIPULATOR-X

Hardware · Four-joint arm with actuated gripper

A four-joint DYNAMIXEL arm with a separate gripper axis, documented for PC-based ROS control or standalone OpenCR operation.

PAROL6

Hardware · Printed desktop arm

A printed desktop arm with a separate Commander application and a required PAROL6 control board.

pib

Hardware · Printable humanoid on a stand; this review scopes the #5 basic design

A printable humanoid whose #5 basic design replaces the #4 part set and uses Raspberry Pi 5 compute.

Poppy Ergo

Hardware · Six-axis articulated arm

A six-axis research arm using Dynamixel MX-28 motors and Python control.

Poppy Ergo Jr

Hardware · Six-axis educational arm

A six-axis educational arm using printable parts, Dynamixel XL-320 servos and Raspberry Pi control.

Reachy 2

Hardware · Humanoid platform

A Reachy 2 ROS 2 workspace providing robot descriptions, control interfaces and simulation launch components.

ROBOTIS OP3

Hardware · Biped humanoid

A 20-joint research humanoid with a 2025 ROS 2 revision and an older ROS 1 software lineage that must be kept distinct.

Solo

Hardware · Solo12 wired quadruped, with separately documented autonomy upgrade

A modular torque-controlled quadruped family; this review distinguishes wired Solo12 from its battery-and-wireless upgrade.

Stanford Doggo

Hardware · Quadruped with four two-degree-of-freedom legs

A historical eight-actuator quadruped using coaxial leg mechanisms, Teensy control and customized ODrive firmware.

Stanford Pupper

Hardware · Original Pupper v1 servo-driven quadruped

The original servo-driven Stanford Pupper, a Raspberry Pi quadruped whose upstream support has ended in favor of a separate v3 design.

Thor

Hardware · Articulated six-axis arm

A printable six-degree-of-freedom teaching arm with editable FreeCAD, STEP and STL mechanical sources.

ToddlerBot

Hardware · Printed research humanoid

A humanoid research platform with distinct 2XC and 2XM motor configurations, separate PCB sourcing and noncommercial hardware terms.

YAM

Hardware · Six-axis articulated arm

A family of six-axis YAM arms supported by a Python and CAN control library with revision-specific models.

Listed, not profiled

We know about these designs but do not profile them. Each note says why. Follow the links for the official project and its license.

Platform tags identify documented interfaces or applications; they do not establish tested fit or certification. Methodology · About the spec